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What is the U.S. Financial Stress Score?

The methodology behind the number on the LiquidityWatch homepage.

The score answers one question: how close is the U.S. financial system to a point where policymakers are forced to act?

That's a different question than recession probability, VIX, inflation, or Treasury yields taken in isolation. It's closer to proximity × severity × probability of policy-forcing financial-system stress — a judgment call that requires synthesizing Treasury-market mechanics, funding-market plumbing, and how the Fed and Treasury are actually behaving, not just what a single indicator says.

How it's produced

Each evaluation runs through three AI stages, each a different model, so no single model's judgment silently becomes the answer:

Every evaluation — material or not — is stored. Only evaluations judged materially different from the last published one trigger a new score, a notification, and a newsletter issue. No daily noise.

Scale and regime

The score runs 0–100: 0–15 accommodative, 16–35 mild watchfulness, 36–55 real but contained tension, 56–75 persistent restrictive policy (active QT at multi-year-high yields with a genuinely undecided upcoming Fed decision already belongs here, even with no crisis signal — restrictive policy plus real two-sided uncertainty isn't calm), 76–90 policy-forcing danger zone, 91–100 market dysfunction or intervention underway. A second, related figure — how much Treasury/Fed policy has actually begun supplying liquidity — is tracked alongside it, since high stress with a rising policy response reads very differently than high stress with no response at all.

Trigger metrics

Alongside the headline score, each evaluation tracks three metrics explicitly against the last published one — not reasserted fresh every cycle, and each shown as a percentage: Controlled Break Risk (the odds current stress breaks into an uncontrolled crisis rather than staying policy-managed), Liquidity Response Probability (the odds the Fed/Treasury actually supplies new support soon — distinct from how much support is already underway), and Phase (1 = tightening/policy-threat, 2 = liquidity response beginning, 3 = full backstop underway). Each carries its own stated reason for holding or moving, and, when the trend is meaningful, a note on whether it's accelerating or slowing. BTC, ETH, and XRP each get a short trigger note plus a score reflecting how much that asset is actually functioning as settlement/bridge liquidity (XRP) or confirming the broader liquidity regime (BTC/ETH) right now, not just price momentum — XRP additionally gets a bridge-role read (adjacent asset through core routing asset) and whether stablecoin flow is actually routing through it or bypassing it.

Sub-engine breakdown

The headline score is a synthesis of six domains tracked individually, each its own evidence-backed read: Treasury Market Stress, Funding Market Stress, Fed/Treasury Response, AI Economic Impulse (with a disinflationary/neutral/inflationary classification), Energy System Stress, and Global Liquidity. When populated, these appear as their own panel — useful for seeing which domain is actually driving a move in the headline number, not just that it moved.

Facts, interpretation & speculation

Where present, each evaluation's supporting detail is split into three explicitly labeled tiers: observed facts (measurements, each with a source), interpretation (what those facts imply — the model's judgment), and speculation (possibilities beyond what the facts currently establish). Speculation is always labeled as the lowest-confidence tier regardless of its own stated confidence number — the label, not the number, is what governs how much weight to put on it.

Policy classifier & falsifiable calls

Alongside the numeric band, each evaluation is classified by observed policymaker behavior — not the score alone — into one of five states: Normal, Stress Building, Controlled Stabilization, Systemic Backstop, or Monetary Regime Change. Where present, a call also states one specific, checkable claim about what a real Fed/Treasury response would look like and by when — the basis for eventually scoring whether published calls were actually followed by what they predicted.

Fully automated

This is an information product, not a trading system or an advisory service, and there is no human-approval step in the publishing path — a material evaluation publishes automatically the moment the three-stage process completes.

Where the data comes from

Live web research plus a FRED-sourced macro grounding context (Treasury yields, a broad-dollar proxy, high-yield credit spreads) supplied to the research stage on every cycle.

Not investment advice. This score and its narrative are produced by an AI research and synthesis process and are provided for informational purposes only. They are not a recommendation to buy, sell, or hold any asset.